What does the term "incident response" refer to?

The term "incident response" specifically refers to a structured approach for managing the consequences of a security incident, such as a data breach or cyber attack. This process includes preparing for incidents, detecting and analyzing them, containing the impact, eradicating the threats, recovering from them, and conducting post-incident analysis and reporting.

Effective incident response is critical because it helps organizations minimize damage, reduce recovery time and costs, and enhance future security measures. By having an established incident response plan, organizations can respond quickly and efficiently, mitigating the effects of the incident and restoring normal operations.

The other options do not capture the essence of incident response. A proactive approach to preventing breaches focuses on preventive measures rather than responding to incidents that have already occurred. Security training for employees is essential but is a different aspect of cybersecurity aimed at education rather than response. Reporting phishing emails is a specific action that can feed into the incident response process but does not encompass the broader, structured management of security incidents. Thus, the choice that accurately defines "incident response" is the one that highlights its comprehensive approach to managing security incidents effectively.