What is multi-factor authentication (MFA)?

Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is a security process that requires users to provide two or more verification methods to gain access to a system, application, or account. This approach enhances security by combining different factors that may include something the user knows (like a password), something the user has (such as a smartphone or hardware token), or something the user is (biometric traits like fingerprints or facial recognition).

The use of multiple verification methods makes it significantly harder for unauthorized individuals to gain access, even if one factor (like a password) is compromised. This layered security posturing provides a robust mechanism to mitigate risks associated with credential theft and unauthorized access, thereby improving the overall security posture of an organization.